Greece and Finland recorded the highest renewable energy factor (REF) among member states in 2023, according to data reported under the European Union’s Energy Efficiency Directive (EED). REF measures the share of a data center’s energy consumption supplied by renewable sources, with a value of *** indicating that all energy used comes from renewables.
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European Commission. (July 1, 2025). Average weighted renewable energy factor (REF) of data centers in the European Union in 2023, by country [Graph]. In ÀÖ²¥´«Ã½app×îа汾. Retrieved August 14, 2026, from /statistics/1659998/average-data-center-ref-europe-country/
European Commission. "Average weighted renewable energy factor (REF) of data centers in the European Union in 2023, by country." Chart. July 1, 2025. ÀÖ²¥´«Ã½app×îа汾. Accessed August 14, 2026. /statistics/1659998/average-data-center-ref-europe-country/
European Commission. (2025). Average weighted renewable energy factor (REF) of data centers in the European Union in 2023, by country. ÀÖ²¥´«Ã½app×îа汾. ÀÖ²¥´«Ã½app×îа汾 Inc.. Accessed: August 14, 2026. /statistics/1659998/average-data-center-ref-europe-country/
European Commission. "Average Weighted Renewable Energy Factor (Ref) of Data Centers in The European Union in 2023, by Country." ÀÖ²¥´«Ã½app×îа汾, ÀÖ²¥´«Ã½app×îа汾 Inc., 1 Jul 2025, /statistics/1659998/average-data-center-ref-europe-country/
European Commission, Average weighted renewable energy factor (REF) of data centers in the European Union in 2023, by country ÀÖ²¥´«Ã½app×îа汾, /statistics/1659998/average-data-center-ref-europe-country/ (last visited August 14, 2026)
Average weighted renewable energy factor (REF) of data centers in the European Union in 2023, by country [Graph], European Commission, July 1, 2025. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1659998/average-data-center-ref-europe-country/
