TIM's research and development (R&D) expenses fluctuated between 2015 and 2022. After reaching its peak in 2017, with **** billion euros, such spending increasingly decreased until 2023, when it increased back to over *** billion euros.
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Gruppo TIM. (March 28, 2024). TIM's research and development (R&D) spending from 2015 to 2023 (in million euros) [Graph]. In ÀÖ²¥´«Ã½app×îа汾. Retrieved August 13, 2026, from /statistics/1334689/tim-research-and-development-spending/
Gruppo TIM. "TIM's research and development (R&D) spending from 2015 to 2023 (in million euros) ." Chart. March 28, 2024. ÀÖ²¥´«Ã½app×îа汾. Accessed August 13, 2026. /statistics/1334689/tim-research-and-development-spending/
Gruppo TIM. (2024). TIM's research and development (R&D) spending from 2015 to 2023 (in million euros) . ÀÖ²¥´«Ã½app×îа汾. ÀÖ²¥´«Ã½app×îа汾 Inc.. Accessed: August 13, 2026. /statistics/1334689/tim-research-and-development-spending/
Gruppo TIM. "Tim's Research and Development (R&d) Spending from 2015 to 2023 (in Million Euros) ." ÀÖ²¥´«Ã½app×îа汾, ÀÖ²¥´«Ã½app×îа汾 Inc., 28 Mar 2024, /statistics/1334689/tim-research-and-development-spending/
Gruppo TIM, TIM's research and development (R&D) spending from 2015 to 2023 (in million euros) ÀÖ²¥´«Ã½app×îа汾, /statistics/1334689/tim-research-and-development-spending/ (last visited August 13, 2026)
TIM's research and development (R&D) spending from 2015 to 2023 (in million euros) [Graph], Gruppo TIM, March 28, 2024. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1334689/tim-research-and-development-spending/
