In 2025, the majority of global organizations answered that * solutions offer broader services across different tech stack layers. Services for hardware, data center, and connectivity layers were viewed as on par, at **, **, and ** percent, respectively.
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McKinsey & Company. (March 3, 2026). Comparison of breadth of services between sovereign and nonsovereign artificial intelligence (AI) solutions in 2025, by tech stack layer [Graph]. In ÀÖ²¥´«Ã½app×îа汾. Retrieved August 17, 2026, from /statistics/1661700/ai-solutions-services-comparison-by-tech-stack-layer/
McKinsey & Company. "Comparison of breadth of services between sovereign and nonsovereign artificial intelligence (AI) solutions in 2025, by tech stack layer." Chart. March 3, 2026. ÀÖ²¥´«Ã½app×îа汾. Accessed August 17, 2026. /statistics/1661700/ai-solutions-services-comparison-by-tech-stack-layer/
McKinsey & Company. (2026). Comparison of breadth of services between sovereign and nonsovereign artificial intelligence (AI) solutions in 2025, by tech stack layer. ÀÖ²¥´«Ã½app×îа汾. ÀÖ²¥´«Ã½app×îа汾 Inc.. Accessed: August 17, 2026. /statistics/1661700/ai-solutions-services-comparison-by-tech-stack-layer/
McKinsey & Company. "Comparison of Breadth of Services between Sovereign and Nonsovereign Artificial Intelligence (Ai) Solutions in 2025, by Tech Stack Layer." ÀÖ²¥´«Ã½app×îа汾, ÀÖ²¥´«Ã½app×îа汾 Inc., 3 Mar 2026, /statistics/1661700/ai-solutions-services-comparison-by-tech-stack-layer/
McKinsey & Company, Comparison of breadth of services between sovereign and nonsovereign artificial intelligence (AI) solutions in 2025, by tech stack layer ÀÖ²¥´«Ã½app×îа汾, /statistics/1661700/ai-solutions-services-comparison-by-tech-stack-layer/ (last visited August 17, 2026)
Comparison of breadth of services between sovereign and nonsovereign artificial intelligence (AI) solutions in 2025, by tech stack layer [Graph], McKinsey & Company, March 3, 2026. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1661700/ai-solutions-services-comparison-by-tech-stack-layer/
